Soccer Terms Glossary

4–2–3–1

Definition: A versatile formation with four defenders, two defensive midfielders, three attacking midfielders, and one striker. It provides defensive stability and attacking fluidity.
Example:

• The Columbus Crew utilized the 4–2–3–1 formation in their 2024 MLS season, with Cucho Hernández as the lone striker.
• Manchester United often employed this formation in the 2024/25 Premier League season, leveraging Bruno Fernandes in the central attacking midfielder role.

4–4–2

Definition: A common modern formation consisting of four defenders, four midfielders, and two forwards. Variants include the diamond midfield (4–4–2 diamond), which emphasizes central play, or the flat midfield version for balanced play.
Example:

• Inter Miami CF frequently used a 4–4–2 formation in the MLS 2024 playoffs, with Lionel Messi and Josef Martínez leading the attack.
• Brighton & Hove Albion utilized a flat 4–4–2 setup to stifle opponents in their Premier League matches.

4–5–1

Definition: A defensive formation with four defenders, five midfielders, and one striker. It’s often used to frustrate opponents and counterattack effectively.
Example:

• LA Galaxy adopted a 4–5–1 formation against Austin FC in the 2024 MLS playoffs to control the midfield.
• Atlético Madrid relied on a compact 4–5–1 setup in a crucial La Liga game against Barcelona, minimizing space for opposition attackers.

50-50

Definition: A term describing a challenge or loose ball where both players have an equal chance to win possession.
Example:

• In the 2024 MLS All-Star Game, a 50-50 duel between Walker Zimmerman and Thiago Almada led to a key turnover.
• Chelsea’s Enzo Fernández won a critical 50-50 ball in the 2024/25 Premier League match against Liverpool, sparking a counterattack.

6+5 Rule

Definition: A FIFA proposal requiring six players in a team’s starting XI to be eligible for the club's national team. Though debated, it has yet to be implemented due to EU legal challenges.
Example:

• The rule is often referenced when discussing player eligibility trends in leagues like La Liga and the Premier League, where international players dominate.
• Discussions in 2024 reignited interest in applying the rule to the MLS to encourage more homegrown talent.

12th Man

Definition: Refers to the supporters of a soccer team, who act as an additional "player" by motivating the team with their energy and noise. It can also describe a biased referee or a super-sub frequently utilized in critical moments.
Example:

• The Seattle Sounders fans were called the 12th man during their 2024 MLS Cup victory, creating an atmosphere that boosted the team's morale against LAFC.
• Liverpool’s Anfield crowd acted as the 12th man in their comeback victory against Manchester City in the 2024/25 Premier League.

39th Game

Definition: A controversial proposal to add an extra fixture to the Premier League, played overseas to increase global engagement and revenue.
Example:

• The 39th game debate resurfaced in late 2024, with discussions about staging a match in New York City featuring Manchester City and Arsenal.
• La Liga also faced similar controversy when considering hosting league matches in Miami in 2024.

4th Place Trophy

Definition: A tongue-in-cheek reference to securing a UEFA Champions League qualification spot by finishing in fourth place in the Premier League.
Example:

• Tottenham Hotspur celebrated clinching the "4th place trophy" in the 2024/25 season, ensuring Champions League qualification.
• Arsenal secured fourth place in the 2024/25 Premier League after a crucial victory against Brighton in May 2025.

Academy

Definition: A model used by professional clubs for youth development. Young players are contracted to the club and receive high-standard training, often paired with academic education, with the goal of producing future professional players.
Example:

• FC Dallas is renowned for its academy, which has produced stars like Weston McKennie and Ricardo Pepi.
• Barcelona’s La Masia academy has been pivotal in developing players like Lionel Messi and Xavi.

Added Time

Definition: Extra time added by the referee at the end of each half to compensate for stoppages during the game, such as injuries or substitutions. Also known as stoppage time.
Example:

• Inter Miami secured a last-minute goal in the 7th minute of added time to defeat Orlando City in the 2024 MLS Cup semifinals.
• Arsenal equalized against Manchester United in the 94th minute during Premier League action in December 2024.

Administration

Definition: A legal process where a club unable to pay its debts seeks temporary legal protection while restructuring. This usually results in a points deduction in league competitions.
Example:

• Wigan Athletic entered administration during the 2023/24 EFL Championship season, leading to a 12-point deduction.

Advantage

Definition: A decision by the referee to allow play to continue after a foul if the fouled team is in a better attacking position than they would be if the game were stopped.
Example:

• During an MLS 2024 match, the referee played the advantage when a foul on Hany Mukhtar allowed Nashville SC to score.
• In La Liga, a similar decision led to a goal for Real Sociedad against Real Madrid.

AFC

Definition: Stands for the Asian Football Confederation, the governing body of soccer in Asia. It can also mean "association football club" (e.g., Sunderland AFC) or "athletic football club" (e.g., AFC Bournemouth).
Example:

• Al Hilal's dominance in the AFC Champions League continued with their 2024 victory.
• AFC Bournemouth battled for mid-table stability during the 2024/25 Premier League season.

Against the Run of Play

Definition: A term used when a team scores, wins, or draws despite being outplayed or dominated by the opposing team.
Example:

• In the 2024 MLS playoffs, St. Louis City SC scored against the run of play to stun LAFC.
• Newcastle United achieved a 1–0 victory over Manchester City despite being on the defensive for most of the match.

Aggregate or Aggregate Score

Definition: The combined score of two matches in a two-legged tie, often used in knockout competitions.
Example:

• LAFC advanced to the CONCACAF Champions League final in 2024 with a 5–3 aggregate win over León.
• Chelsea edged PSG in the UEFA Champions League round of 16 with a 3–2 aggregate score.

All Competitions (All Comps)

Definition: Refers to a player’s or team’s cumulative statistics across all matches in league, domestic cup, and international competitions during a specified period.
Example:

• Erling Haaland scored 56 goals in all competitions for Manchester City during the 2024/25 season.
• Inter Miami tallied 18 wins across all competitions in the 2024 MLS season.

"A" Match

Definition: An international match where both teams field their senior (first-choice) squads, recognized by FIFA or respective confederations.
Example:

• The USA played an "A" match against Mexico in the 2024 CONCACAF Nations League final.
• England’s 2024 friendly against Germany at Wembley Stadium was also classified as an "A" match.

Anti-Football

Definition: A derogatory term for a highly defensive and unadventurous style of play, often aimed at frustrating opponents.
Example:

• Atlético Madrid faced criticism for their "anti-football" tactics in their 2024 Champions League clash with Barcelona.
• Inter Miami’s ultra-defensive strategy against LA Galaxy in the 2024 MLS playoffs was labeled as anti-football by some analysts.

Apertura and Clausura

Definition: A league format, common in Latin America, where the season is split into two separate tournaments: Apertura ("opening") and Clausura ("closing"). Each has its own champion.
Example:

• Club América won the 2024 Apertura in Liga MX, while Tigres claimed the Clausura.
• This format is also adopted in leagues like Argentina’s Primera División.

Assist

Definition: A pass that directly leads to a goal being scored.
Example:

• Lionel Messi provided a crucial assist for Josef Martínez in the 2024 MLS Cup final.
• Kevin De Bruyne recorded 15 assists for Manchester City in the first half of the 2024/25 Premier League season.

Away Goals Rule

Definition: A tiebreaker used in two-legged matches where, if teams are level on aggregate, the team with more goals scored away from home wins.
Example:

• In the 2024 CONCACAF Champions League, Monterrey advanced past Philadelphia Union on away goals after a 3–3 aggregate draw.
• Chelsea benefited from the away goals rule to knock out Napoli in the 2024 UEFA Champions League quarterfinals.

Back of the Net

Definition: Refers to a goal where the ball hits and becomes trapped in the back of the net before being retrieved.
Example:

• Lionel Messi’s free-kick for Inter Miami in the 2024 MLS final found the back of the net, sealing a historic victory.
• Mohamed Salah’s precise shot in Liverpool’s win against Chelsea in December 2024 ended up in the back of the net.

Back-Pass Rule

Definition: A rule introduced in 1992 prohibiting goalkeepers from picking up the ball if it is intentionally passed to them by a teammate's foot, to promote faster gameplay.
Example:

• During the 2024/25 Premier League season, Manchester United's goalkeeper Andre Onana was penalized for handling a back-pass against Arsenal.
• Inter Miami’s Drake Callender adeptly dealt with back-passes under pressure during the MLS playoffs.

Backheel

Definition: A pass or shot executed using the heel of the foot to propel the ball backward.
Example:

• Jack Grealish's backheel assist for Erling Haaland’s goal against Tottenham in November 2024 was a Premier League highlight.
• In La Liga, Antoine Griezmann's backheel goal helped Atlético Madrid defeat Sevilla.

Ball Recovery

Definition: The act of regaining possession of the ball from the opposing team, often a key defensive statistic.
Example:

• Tyler Adams led the 2024 MLS season in ball recoveries, showcasing his defensive prowess for the New England Revolution.
• Declan Rice’s ball recovery against Newcastle in October 2024 launched Arsenal’s counterattack leading to a goal.

Ballon d'Or

Definition: An annual award presented by France Football to the best-performing footballer of the previous season.
Example:

• Lionel Messi won his 8th Ballon d'Or in 2024 for his stellar performances with Inter Miami and Argentina.
• Jude Bellingham is a frontrunner for the 2025 Ballon d'Or after his outstanding form for Real Madrid.

Behind Closed Doors

Definition: Matches played without spectators, often due to sanctions or safety concerns.
Example:

• In 2024, several Champions League games were played behind closed doors following crowd disturbances.
• MLS held a behind-closed-doors friendly between LAFC and Austin FC for player fitness.

Bench

Definition: The area where substitutes and coaches sit during a match, typically a row of seats or a covered area. Also called a dugout.
Example:

• Gareth Bale was seen on the bench supporting LAFC during their playoff run in the 2024 MLS season.
• Pep Guardiola’s tactical discussions on the bench are often captured during Premier League broadcasts.

Bend

Definition: The spin applied to a ball, causing it to curve during flight, often used in free kicks.
Example:

• James Ward-Prowse scored a spectacular free-kick for West Ham, bending the ball around the wall against Manchester United.
• Lorenzo Insigne showcased his bending abilities in Toronto FC's thrilling win during the 2024 MLS season.

Big Game Player

Definition: A player known for excelling in high-stakes matches, often exceeding expectations in critical games.
Example:

• Lionel Messi proved to be a big-game player in the 2024 MLS Cup final, scoring two decisive goals.
• Marcus Rashford was Manchester United's big-game player during their Champions League knockout victories.

Booking

Definition: A caution issued by the referee for a foul or unsporting behavior, resulting in a yellow card.
Example:

• Kieran Trippier received a booking for dissent during Newcastle’s game against Liverpool in November 2024.
• In the 2024 MLS final, several bookings were issued for tactical fouls in the tense match.

Box-to-Box

Definition: Describes players capable of contributing both offensively and defensively across the entire field.
Example:

• Jude Bellingham’s box-to-box performances for Real Madrid have drawn comparisons to Zinedine Zidane.
• Weston McKennie excelled as a box-to-box midfielder for the USA during the 2024 CONCACAF Gold Cup.

Brace

Definition: When a player scores two goals in a single match.
Example:

• Karim Benzema scored a brace for Al-Ittihad in the AFC Champions League final.
• Raúl Ruidíaz’s brace helped Seattle Sounders clinch the 2024 MLS Cup.

Break

Definition: A sudden counter-attack where defenders gain possession and quickly advance, often catching the opposition off-guard.
Example:

• In the 2024 MLS semifinals, Atlanta United’s break led to a game-winning goal against Philadelphia Union.
• Newcastle United’s break against Tottenham in November 2024 resulted in a crucial Premier League goal.

Bung

Definition: A secret or unauthorized payment made to facilitate a transfer or deal, often considered unethical or illegal.
Example:

• Rumors of a bung surfaced during a high-profile transfer in La Liga in 2024, drawing scrutiny from FIFA.
• The Bosman ruling helped reduce instances of bungs in European football.

Byline

Definition: The boundary lines on the shortest sides of the pitch, running from the goalposts to the corners.
Example:

• Julián Álvarez’s low cross from the byline led to a Manchester City goal against Arsenal.
• In MLS, Douglas Costa frequently dribbles to the byline before delivering accurate crosses.

CAF

Definition: Initialism for the Confederation of African Football, the governing body of soccer in Africa.
Example:

• Al Ahly claimed the 2024 CAF Champions League title, solidifying their dominance in African football.
• CAF announced expanded qualifiers for the 2025 African Cup of Nations.

Cap

Definition: Refers to an appearance by a player for their national team, originating from the tradition of awarding caps to British players for international matches.
Example:

• Christian Pulisic earned his 70th cap for the USA during the 2024 Copa América.
• England’s Bukayo Saka reached 40 caps in November 2024.

Cap-Tied

Definition: A player who has represented one national team in competitive matches, making them ineligible to represent another nation.
Example:

• Folarin Balogun became cap-tied to the USA after playing in the 2024 CONCACAF Nations League final.
• Aymeric Laporte is cap-tied to Spain after switching allegiance from France in 2021.

Captain

Definition: The player selected to lead the team, often responsible for the coin toss and team morale. Also known as the skipper.
Example:

• Lionel Messi captained Inter Miami to victory in the 2024 MLS Cup.
• Harry Kane, captain of England, led his team to victory in the UEFA EURO 2024 qualifiers.

Caretaker Manager

Definition: A temporary manager appointed when a club’s permanent manager is unavailable or between appointments.
Example:

• Manchester United appointed Ryan Giggs as caretaker manager in 2024 following the departure of Erik ten Hag.
• LA Galaxy relied on a caretaker manager for the final games of the 2024 MLS season.

Catenaccio

Definition: A defensive tactical system emphasizing tight organization and a strong backline, originating in Italy.
Example:

• José Mourinho’s Roma applied a modern version of catenaccio during their 2024 Europa League campaign.
• AC Milan’s legendary defensive displays in the 1990s epitomized catenaccio.

Champions League

Definition: A prestigious annual tournament for top clubs from domestic leagues, organized by various confederations like UEFA, CONCACAF, and AFC.
Example:

• Manchester City defended their UEFA Champions League title in the 2024/25 season.
• León secured the 2024 CONCACAF Champions League title, defeating Tigres in the final.

Clean Sheet

Definition: When a goalkeeper or team prevents the opposition from scoring throughout a match.
Example:

• Andre Blake kept a clean sheet for Philadelphia Union in their 2024 MLS playoff win over Nashville SC.
• Thibaut Courtois achieved 12 clean sheets for Real Madrid in La Liga by mid-season.

Consolation Goal

Definition: A goal scored by a losing team that does not affect the final outcome of the match.
Example:

• Nashville SC’s late consolation goal wasn’t enough to overturn their 3–1 loss to Inter Miami.
• Chelsea managed a consolation goal in their 4–1 defeat to Arsenal in the 2024/25 Premier League.

Corner Kick

Definition: A set-piece taken from the corner of the pitch after the defending team has put the ball behind their goal line without scoring.
Example:

• Trent Alexander-Arnold’s corner kick led to a Virgil van Dijk header in Liverpool’s 2–0 win against Newcastle.
• In MLS, Carlos Vela scored directly from a corner kick for LAFC in September 2024.

Counter-Pressing

Definition: A tactic where a team aggressively presses the opposition immediately after losing possession to regain the ball quickly.
Example:

• Pep Guardiola’s Manchester City relied heavily on counter-pressing to stifle opponents in the 2024/25 season.
• Nashville SC’s counter-pressing helped them dominate possession against Atlanta United.

Curl

Definition: A technique where spin is applied to the ball to create a curving trajectory, often used in free kicks.
Example:

• David Beckham’s iconic curled free kicks are legendary, inspiring players like James Ward-Prowse in the Premier League.
• Messi’s curled strike against Cincinnati FC was a standout moment in the 2024 MLS playoffs.

Cup Run

Definition: A series of successful matches in a knockout competition, often by underdog teams.
Example:

• Wrexham’s unexpected FA Cup run in 2024 captured global attention, reaching the quarterfinals.
• St. Louis City SC enjoyed a strong cup run in the 2024 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup.

Cup-Tied

Definition: A player ineligible to play in a cup competition after appearing for another team in the same tournament.
Example:

• Joško Gvardiol was cup-tied for Manchester City in the 2024 Champions League after appearing for RB Leipzig earlier.
• A similar rule in the MLS prevented a midseason transfer from featuring in the U.S. Open Cup.

Cupset

Definition: A portmanteau of "cup" and "upset," describing a surprising victory by an underdog in a knockout competition.
Example:

• Leyton Orient’s victory over Chelsea in the 2024 FA Cup was a memorable cupset.
• In the 2024 U.S. Open Cup, Miami FC pulled off a cupset against Atlanta United.

Cross

Definition: A pass from the wing into the penalty area, intended to create a scoring opportunity.
Example:

• Trent Alexander-Arnold’s pinpoint cross set up Mohamed Salah’s header against Manchester United.
• Inter Miami’s Jordi Alba delivered a perfect cross for Messi to score in the 2024 MLS Cup final.

D

Definition: The semi-circular arc at the edge of the penalty area. It marks the portion of the 10-yard distance from the penalty spot that lies outside the penalty area and must be observed during penalty kicks.
Example:

• Players must remain outside the D during a penalty kick until the ball is struck.
• In the 2024 MLS Cup final, several players were cautioned for encroaching into the D during a decisive penalty.

Dead Ball

Definition: A situation where the ball is stationary, such as during free kicks, penalty kicks, or goal kicks.
Example:

• Lionel Messi’s dead-ball expertise was on display with a stunning free-kick goal in Inter Miami's 2024 MLS playoff match.
• Kevin De Bruyne scored from a dead ball situation in Manchester City’s 2024/25 Premier League match against Arsenal.

Deep

Definition: Refers to players or a defensive line positioned closer to their own goal than usual, often to reduce space for opposing attackers.
Example:

• Tottenham’s defense dropped deep to contain Erling Haaland during their Premier League match in December 2024.
• Inter Miami’s deep-lying playmaker Sergio Busquets dictated play from a defensive position throughout the 2024 season.

Defender

Definition: A player whose primary role is to prevent the opposing team from scoring, positioned in front of the goalkeeper.
Example:

• Virgil van Dijk showcased his skills as a central defender for Liverpool in their 2024 Champions League campaign.
• Walker Zimmerman was a standout defender for Nashville SC in the 2024 MLS season.

Derby

Definition: A match between two local or fierce rivals.
Example:

• The El Trafico derby between LAFC and LA Galaxy in the 2024 MLS season was a thrilling spectacle.
• The Manchester derby between United and City in November 2024 ended in a dramatic draw.

Designated Player Rule

Definition: An MLS rule that allows teams to sign high-profile players whose salaries exceed the league's salary cap.
Example:

• Inter Miami’s use of the Designated Player Rule brought Lionel Messi to the MLS in 2024.
• LA Galaxy used the rule to sign Javier "Chicharito" Hernández.

Direct Free Kick

Definition: A free kick awarded after certain fouls where a goal can be scored directly without the ball needing to touch another player.
Example:

• James Ward-Prowse scored a direct free kick for West Ham against Newcastle in the 2024 Premier League.
• Messi’s direct free kick against NYCFC in the 2024 MLS season went viral for its precision.

Dirty Work

Definition: Unrecognized defensive contributions such as breaking up opposition attacks, tackling, and short passing.
Example:

• Casemiro’s dirty work in midfield was crucial to Manchester United’s success in the 2024/25 season.
• Kellyn Acosta performed the dirty work for LAFC, allowing his teammates to focus on attacking.

Dissent

Definition: Verbal or physical disagreement with a referee's decision, which can lead to a yellow or red card.
Example:

• Newcastle’s Bruno Guimarães was booked for dissent in their 2024 match against Liverpool.
• Several players were warned for dissent during the 2024 MLS Cup final.

Diving

Definition: A form of cheating where a player pretends to be fouled to deceive the referee into awarding a free kick or penalty.
Example:

• Neymar faced criticism for diving during Al-Hilal’s AFC Champions League match in 2024.
• A diving incident involving a forward in MLS led to a VAR review and overturned penalty.

Double

Definition: When a team wins both their domestic league and main domestic cup competition in the same season, or when a team beats another team both home and away in a league season.
Example:

• Manchester City completed the domestic double in 2024, winning the Premier League and FA Cup.
• St. Louis City SC achieved a league double over Sporting Kansas City in the 2024 MLS season.

Dribbling

Definition: The act of running with the ball at one’s feet while maintaining control, often evading opponents.
Example:

• Vinícius Júnior’s dribbling was instrumental in Real Madrid’s win against Atlético in La Liga 2024.
• Facundo Torres impressed with his dribbling for Orlando City SC during the MLS playoffs.

Drop Ball

Definition: A method of restarting play when the referee stops the game for an injury or other unforeseen event.
Example:

• A drop ball was used to resume play after a VAR check in the 2024 Premier League.
• In an MLS match, a drop ball followed an accidental collision between players.

Drop Points

Definition: When a team fails to win a match, either through a draw or loss, potentially losing ground in the standings.
Example:

• Arsenal dropped points in a draw with Brighton in December 2024, impacting their title chase.
• St. Louis City SC dropped points after a surprising loss to Houston Dynamo in the MLS.

Dummy

Definition: A skill move where a player feigns playing the ball, allowing it to pass by them to a teammate.
Example:

• Marcus Rashford’s dummy allowed Bruno Fernandes to score in Manchester United’s win over Wolves in 2024.
• Carlos Vela’s clever dummy set up a goal for LAFC during the 2024 MLS season.

Early Doors

Definition: A phrase used to describe the early stages of a match, often when teams are still finding their rhythm.
Example:

• The commentator noted, "It’s still early doors," during the MLS playoff opener between LA Galaxy and Seattle Sounders in October 2024.
• Arsenal scored within the early doors of their match against Chelsea, taking a lead in the first five minutes.

El Clásico

Definition: The historic and fiercely contested rivalry between Real Madrid and Barcelona in La Liga. It can also refer to significant derbies in Spanish-speaking countries like Argentina and Mexico.
Example:

• The October 2024 El Clásico saw Barcelona claim a dramatic 2–1 victory at the Camp Nou.
• In Liga MX, Chivas vs. Club América is often referred to as El Clásico Nacional.

El Sackico

Definition: A humorous term describing a match where the outcome could decide the fate of one or both managers, often used in high-pressure situations.
Example:

• Tottenham’s clash with Manchester United in November 2024 was dubbed El Sackico due to speculation about both managers’ job security.
• The term gained popularity after an MLS game between Houston Dynamo and Colorado Rapids, where both coaches faced dismissal rumors.

End-to-End Stuff

Definition: A fast-paced, exciting match where both teams create numerous scoring opportunities on opposite ends of the field.
Example:

• The 2024 MLS Cup final between Inter Miami and LAFC was thrilling end-to-end stuff, with goals flying in at both ends.
• Newcastle United’s 3–3 draw against Liverpool in the 2024/25 Premier League was a prime example of end-to-end football.

Equaliser

Definition: A goal that levels the score between two teams.
Example:

• Facundo Torres scored an equaliser for Orlando City SC in their playoff match against Atlanta United.
• Bukayo Saka’s equaliser salvaged a point for Arsenal against Manchester City in December 2024.

European Night

Definition: Refers to evening matches in UEFA club competitions such as the Champions League or Europa League, often carrying high stakes and memorable atmospheres.
Example:

• Real Madrid’s European night against Bayern Munich in the 2024/25 Champions League saw a thrilling comeback victory.
• Liverpool is famous for iconic European nights at Anfield, including their 2024 victory over Napoli.

Exhibition Match

Definition: A non-competitive, friendly match played for promotional or charitable purposes or to prepare for upcoming competitions.
Example:

• Lionel Messi participated in an exhibition match between Inter Miami and Al-Nassr during the MLS offseason in 2024.
• Arsenal faced Barcelona in an exhibition match as part of their U.S. preseason tour.

Expunge

Definition: To nullify all matches played by a team during a league season, recalculating the records of other teams accordingly. This often occurs when a team withdraws or is expelled mid-season.
Example:

• A team in Spain’s Segunda División had their results expunged in 2024 after declaring bankruptcy.
• The MLS avoided expunging results when a mid-season resolution allowed a struggling team to continue play.

Extra Time

Definition: Two 15-minute halves played to determine a winner in knockout matches when the score is tied at the end of regulation time.
Example:

• The 2024 MLS Cup final went into extra time before Lionel Messi scored the winning goal for Inter Miami.
• Manchester City defeated Real Madrid in extra time during the 2024 Champions League semifinals.

FA Cup

Definition: The oldest knockout competition in the world, held annually in England and open to teams from various tiers of the football pyramid.
Example:

• Manchester City won the 2024 FA Cup, defeating Brighton in the final.
• Wrexham’s dream run to the quarterfinals in the FA Cup 2024 captured global attention.

False Nine

Definition: A tactical role for a striker who drops into the midfield to disrupt the opposition’s defensive marking, often creating space for wingers or midfielders to attack.
Example:

• Lionel Messi famously played as a false nine during his peak years at Barcelona.
• Roberto Firmino’s false nine role was key to Liverpool’s success in the 2024/25 Premier League season.

Fan

Definition: A supporter of a football team or someone who enjoys watching the sport.
Example:

• The Sounders fans filled Lumen Field in 2024 to cheer their team to an MLS Cup semifinal.
• Barcelona fans packed the Camp Nou for the El Clásico in October 2024.

Fan Park

Definition: An area, often in city centers, where fans gather to watch matches on large screens, particularly during major tournaments.
Example:

• Fan parks in New York City were filled during the 2024 FIFA Club World Cup final.
• The Qatar World Cup 2024 saw massive fan parks across Europe for supporters unable to travel.

Fans' Favourite

Definition: A player adored by the club’s supporters due to their performances, personality, or loyalty.
Example:

• Lionel Messi quickly became a fans’ favorite at Inter Miami in 2024.
• Marcus Rashford remains a fans' favourite at Manchester United for his on-field efforts and charity work.

Farmers League

Definition: A derogatory term referring to leagues perceived as less competitive compared to others.
Example:

• Critics labeled Ligue 1 a "farmers league" despite PSG’s dominance in the UEFA Champions League in 2024.
• MLS has worked hard to shed the "farmers league" image with marquee signings like Messi and Busquets.

Favourite

Definition: A team expected to win a particular match or tournament. Opposite of underdog.
Example:

• Manchester City entered the 2024/25 Champions League as the clear favourites.
• Inter Miami was the favorite to win the 2024 MLS Cup after signing Lionel Messi.

FC

Definition: Stands for Football Club, commonly used in team names.
Example:

• Inter Miami FC won the 2024 MLS Cup.
• Watford FC fought for promotion to the Premier League in the 2024/25 season.

Feeder Club

Definition: A smaller club linked to a larger club, often to provide younger players with first-team experience.
Example:

• Red Bull Salzburg acts as a feeder club for RB Leipzig.
• Brentford maintains strong ties with Danish club FC Midtjylland as a feeder system.

Fergie Time

Definition: A phrase referring to additional time given at the end of matches when Manchester United, under Sir Alex Ferguson, often scored decisive goals.
Example:

• Manchester United’s late equalizer against Spurs in October 2024 reminded fans of classic Fergie time moments.
• The phenomenon of "Fergie time" is often debated among Premier League fans.

First Eleven

Definition: The preferred starting lineup for a team when all players are fit and available.
Example:

• Real Madrid’s first eleven for the 2024/25 season includes stars like Jude Bellingham and Vinícius Júnior.
• LAFC’s first eleven was consistently strong throughout their 2024 MLS campaign.

Fixture Congestion

Definition: A situation where a team faces many matches in a short period, often due to cup runs or postponed games.
Example:

• Arsenal dealt with severe fixture congestion during the 2024/25 season due to deep runs in the FA Cup and Europa League.
• Inter Miami’s fixture congestion worsened as they juggled MLS and Leagues Cup commitments.

Flat Back Four

Definition: A defensive line consisting of four players positioned in a straight line across the pitch. Often used with the offside trap.
Example:

• Chelsea’s flat-back four helped secure a clean sheet against Tottenham in November 2024.
• Atlanta United used a flat-back four to frustrate opponents during the 2024 MLS playoffs.

Flick-On

Definition: A touch with the head or foot that redirects the ball to another teammate without fully controlling it.
Example:

• Olivier Giroud’s flick-on assisted Rafael Leão’s goal for AC Milan in the 2024/25 Serie A.
• Chicharito’s flick-on led to a crucial goal for LA Galaxy in the 2024 MLS season.

Free Kick

Definition: A restart awarded after a foul, taken from the spot of the infringement. Free kicks can be direct (goal attempt) or indirect (requires a second touch).
Example:

• Lionel Messi scored a stunning direct free kick for Inter Miami in the 2024 Leagues Cup.
• Trent Alexander-Arnold’s indirect free kick led to a header goal for Liverpool in November 2024.

Fullback

Definition: A defensive player positioned on the wings, tasked with stopping opposing wingers and providing width in attack.
Example:

• Andrew Robertson remains one of the top fullbacks for Liverpool in the Premier League.
• MLS standout DeJuan Jones excelled as a fullback for New England Revolution in 2024.

Game of Two Halves

Definition: A match where each team dominates a different half, leading to a significant contrast in performance.
Example:

• Inter Miami’s comeback win in the 2024 MLS playoffs was a classic game of two halves, as they dominated the second half after trailing at halftime.
• Arsenal vs. Manchester United in November 2024 saw United control the first half, only for Arsenal to rally in the second.

Game 39

Definition: A proposal to add an extra Premier League match, played outside the UK, to increase global engagement and revenue.
Example:

• Discussions about Game 39 resurfaced in 2024, with potential venues in New York and Dubai.
• Critics argue that Game 39 would disrupt the league’s integrity by adding a match abroad.

Games in Hand

Definition: When a team has played fewer matches than its rivals, giving them an opportunity to gain points in the remaining games.
Example:

• Real Madrid’s games in hand allowed them to close the gap on Barcelona in the 2024/25 La Liga season.
• In the 2024 MLS season, Seattle Sounders capitalized on their games in hand to secure a playoff spot.

Ghost Game

Definition: A betting scam involving fake matches posted by bookmakers, allowing bets on games that never occur.
Example:

• A high-profile ghost game scandal involving lower-tier leagues in Europe came to light in 2024.
• Regulators in the betting industry implemented stricter monitoring after ghost game incidents.

Ghost Goal

Definition: A goal awarded or disallowed due to a controversial decision, often when the ball did or didn’t cross the line.
Example:

• Frank Lampard’s disallowed goal for England against Germany in the 2010 FIFA World Cup remains one of the most famous ghost goals.
• Goal-line technology has minimized ghost goals, as seen in the Premier League since 2013.

Giant-Killing

Definition: When a lower-division team defeats a much higher-ranked team in a knockout competition.
Example:

• Wrexham’s victory over Tottenham in the 2024 FA Cup was a giant-killing moment.
• San Diego Loyal achieved a stunning giant-killing by defeating LAFC in the 2024 U.S. Open Cup.

Goal

Definition: The act of scoring, where the ball crosses the goal line between the posts and under the crossbar.
Example:

• Lionel Messi’s decisive goal in the 2024 MLS Cup final secured Inter Miami’s victory.
• Jude Bellingham scored a spectacular long-range goal for Real Madrid in their El Clásico win.

Goal Difference

Definition: The net difference between goals scored and conceded, used to break ties in league standings.
Example:

• Arsenal’s superior goal difference kept them ahead of Manchester City in the 2024/25 Premier League standings.
• St. Louis City SC’s impressive goal difference secured their top seed in the 2024 MLS playoffs.

Goal from Open Play

Definition: A goal scored during regular gameplay, not from a set piece like a free kick or penalty.
Example:

• Vinícius Júnior’s solo effort against Atlético Madrid was a brilliant goal from open play in La Liga.
• Josef Martínez’s tap-in for Inter Miami came from open play during the 2024 MLS Cup semifinals.

Goalkeeper

Definition: The player tasked with defending the goal, allowed to handle the ball within their penalty area.
Example:

• Alisson Becker’s crucial saves for Liverpool in the Champions League earned him recognition as one of the best goalkeepers in the world.
• Andre Blake was voted MLS Goalkeeper of the Year in 2024.

Goal Kick

Definition: A restart awarded to the defending team when the attacking team plays the ball over the goal line without scoring.
Example:

• New rules in 2024 allowed quicker goal kicks, as seen in Manchester City’s tactics to counter-attack.
• Philadelphia Union utilized long goal kicks to bypass opposition midfield pressure.

Goal-Line Clearance

Definition: A defensive action where a player clears the ball from the goal line to prevent a goal.
Example:

• Virgil van Dijk’s goal-line clearance against Chelsea kept Liverpool in the game in November 2024.
• Miles Robinson’s heroic goal-line clearance saved Atlanta United during the MLS playoffs.

Goal-Line Technology

Definition: A system used to determine whether the ball has fully crossed the goal line for a goal.
Example:

• Goal-line technology confirmed Kevin De Bruyne’s goal for Manchester City against Arsenal in 2024.
• MLS continues to use goal-line technology to prevent ghost goal controversies.

Goal Poacher

Definition: A striker with excellent positioning and finishing skills, primarily operating inside the penalty box.
Example:

• Filippo Inzaghi was renowned as a classic goal poacher, scoring numerous close-range goals.
• Chicharito’s role as a goal poacher helped LA Galaxy secure crucial wins in 2024.

Goalmouth Scramble

Definition: A chaotic situation where players from both teams contest a loose ball near the goal, often resulting in multiple attempts at goal or clearance.
Example:

• A dramatic goalmouth scramble in the MLS Cup final almost led to an equalizer for LAFC.
• Manchester United’s defenders cleared the ball after a tense goalmouth scramble against Brighton.

Golazo

Definition: A spectacular or impressive goal, often requiring great skill or power.
Example:

• Lionel Messi’s 30-yard strike for Inter Miami in 2024 was hailed as a golazo.
• Jude Bellingham scored a stunning golazo in Real Madrid’s Champions League quarterfinal match.

Golden Generation

Definition: A particularly talented group of players expected to achieve significant success, often used for national teams.
Example:

• England’s current squad is considered a golden generation with stars like Bukayo Saka and Jude Bellingham.
• Belgium’s golden generation peaked with their third-place finish in the 2018 World Cup.

Golden Goal

Definition: A rule where the first goal scored in extra time immediately ends the match, determining the winner.
Example:

• France defeated Italy with a golden goal in the UEFA Euro 2000 final.
• The golden goal rule was discontinued in most competitions after 2004.

Group of Death

Definition: A group in a tournament with multiple strong teams, making it highly competitive.
Example:

• The 2024/25 Champions League Group of Death featured Real Madrid, PSG, and Borussia Dortmund.
• Argentina’s group in the 2024 Copa América was widely considered the Group of Death.

Hairdryer Treatment

Definition: A manager yelling at players harshly in the dressing room to motivate or reprimand them, likened to a hairdryer due to its intensity. Popularized by Sir Alex Ferguson at Manchester United.
Example:

• Erik ten Hag reportedly gave the Manchester United squad a hairdryer treatment after their defeat to Brighton in 2024.
• Inter Miami’s coach Phil Neville once used the hairdryer treatment to inspire a comeback win.

Half-Back

Definition: A position in the 2–3–5 formation where players line up in front of the full-backs and behind the forwards. The central player is the centre-half, and the sides are wing-halves.
Example:

• The half-back position was pivotal in early 20th-century football tactics.
• Historical teams like Arsenal in the 1930s relied heavily on half-backs to link defense and attack.

Half-Time

Definition: A 15-minute break between the two halves of a football match.
Example:

• The 2024 MLS Cup final saw Inter Miami make key tactical changes during half-time to win the match.
• Arsenal’s half-time substitutions turned the game against Chelsea in December 2024.

Half-Volley

Definition: A pass or shot taken just as, or immediately after, the ball bounces off the ground.
Example:

• Lionel Messi’s half-volley goal for Inter Miami in the 2024 playoffs was a highlight of the season.
• Jude Bellingham scored a stunning half-volley in Real Madrid’s Champions League group stage.

Hammer

Definition: To defeat a team by a large margin.
Example:

• Manchester City hammered Leeds United 6–0 in the Premier League in November 2024.
• LAFC hammered Austin FC 5–1 during the 2024 MLS regular season.

Handbags

Definition: A scuffle or altercation between players that appears threatening but lacks real violence.
Example:

• A handbags moment occurred in the Manchester derby when players pushed and jostled but avoided serious conflict.
• Handbags between Nashville SC and Atlanta United players delayed the 2024 MLS playoff match.

Handball

Definition: A foul where a player (excluding the goalkeeper in their penalty area) deliberately touches the ball with their hand or arm.
Example:

• A controversial handball decision cost Tottenham a penalty in their November 2024 match against Liverpool.
• VAR overturned a handball call against Inter Miami in the 2024 Leagues Cup final.

Hand of God

Definition: Diego Maradona’s infamous goal against England in the 1986 World Cup, scored using his hand.
Example:

• The “Hand of God” remains one of the most debated incidents in World Cup history.
• A similar controversial handball sparked debate in the 2024 Champions League.

Hang Up One's Boots

Definition: To retire from professional football.
Example:

• Luka Modrić announced he would hang up his boots after the 2024/25 season.
• MLS legend Clint Dempsey hung up his boots in 2018 after a stellar career.

Hard Man

Definition: A player known for their tough, aggressive style and hard tackles.
Example:

• Roy Keane was renowned as a hard man during his time at Manchester United.
• Diego Godín played the role of a hard man for Uruguay in the 2024 Copa América.

Hat-Trick

Definition: When a player scores three goals in a single match.
Example:

• Lionel Messi scored a hat-trick for Inter Miami in the 2024 MLS semifinals.
• Erling Haaland’s hat-trick helped Manchester City win their Champions League opener.

Header

Definition: Using the head to play or control the ball.
Example:

• Virgil van Dijk scored a towering header for Liverpool against Newcastle in 2024.
• Walker Zimmerman’s header gave Nashville SC a key win in the MLS playoffs.

High Foot

Definition: A foul where a player’s foot is raised to a dangerous height, potentially injuring an opponent.
Example:

• A high foot challenge led to a red card for a Real Madrid player against Barcelona in El Clásico.
• The referee penalized a high foot foul in LAFC’s 2024 match against St. Louis City SC.

Holding Role or Holding Midfielder

Definition: A central midfielder focused on defensive duties to protect the backline.
Example:

• Casemiro excelled in the holding role for Manchester United in the 2024/25 Premier League.
• Kellyn Acosta played as a holding midfielder for LAFC throughout the MLS season.

Hold Up the Ball

Definition: A forward controlling and shielding the ball to slow play and allow teammates to join the attack.
Example:

• Karim Benzema’s ability to hold up the ball was crucial for Al-Ittihad in the AFC Champions League.
• Josef Martínez held up the ball for Messi to score in the MLS playoffs.

Hole

Definition: The space between the midfield and forwards, often occupied by attacking midfielders or deep-lying forwards.
Example:

• Lionel Messi operated in the hole for Inter Miami, creating chances for teammates.
• Kevin De Bruyne’s play in the hole was key to Manchester City’s dominance in 2024.

Hollywood Ball

Definition: A long-range pass intended to impress but often failing in execution.
Example:

• Bruno Fernandes attempted a Hollywood ball that was intercepted during Manchester United’s loss to Arsenal.
• In MLS, Carlos Vela's Hollywood ball set up a dramatic late equalizer for LAFC.

Home and Away

Definition: Refers to a team’s own stadium (home) and their opponent’s ground (away). Playing at home is often considered an advantage.
Example:

• Inter Miami performed better at home than away during the 2024 MLS season.
• The Champions League features home and away legs in the knockout stages.

Hooligans

Definition: Violent or disorderly fans, often associated with football-related violence.
Example:

• Measures were taken to prevent hooligans from disrupting the 2024 Copa América.
• Hooligans caused a delay during a La Liga match in September 2024.

Hospital Ball

Definition: A weak or under-hit pass that puts the receiving player at risk of injury by forcing them into a dangerous challenge.
Example:

• A hospital ball from a defender almost led to a turnover in Real Madrid’s game against Sevilla.
• Nashville SC avoided conceding after an opponent misjudged a hospital ball in their penalty area.

Howler

Definition: A glaring and often amusing mistake made by a player or referee during a match.
Example:

• A goalkeeper’s howler cost Chelsea a goal in their loss to Arsenal in 2024.
• A defender’s howler led to an own goal in the MLS playoff match between Seattle Sounders and LA Galaxy.

IFAB

Definition: Initialism for the International Football Association Board, the organization responsible for determining and updating the Laws of the Game for association football.
Example:

• IFAB introduced new rules for added time in 2024 to address time-wasting in matches.
• The use of semi-automated offside technology was approved by IFAB for the 2024/25 season.

Indirect Free Kick

Definition: A type of free kick awarded for non-penal fouls, technical infringements, or when play is stopped for cautioning a player without a direct foul. A goal cannot be scored directly from an indirect free kick.
Example:

• An indirect free kick was awarded to Arsenal after a back-pass violation by Chelsea’s goalkeeper in November 2024.
• Inter Miami utilized an indirect free kick to create a scoring chance during the 2024 MLS Cup.

Indoor Football

Definition: A variant of association football played on smaller indoor pitches, often referred to as six-a-side football.
Example:

• Many MLS players participated in indoor football during the offseason for fitness.
• Indoor football tournaments are popular in Europe during the winter months.

Injury Recovery

Definition: The time it takes for a player to heal and return to play after sustaining an injury.
Example:

• Neymar’s injury recovery kept him sidelined for three months during the 2024/25 season.
• Josef Martínez’s quick injury recovery helped Inter Miami secure key wins in the playoffs.

Injury Time

Definition: Additional time added at the end of each half to compensate for stoppages, also known as stoppage time.
Example:

• Manchester City scored a late winner in injury time against Liverpool in December 2024.
• Extra injury time was added during the 2024 MLS final due to multiple stoppages.

Inside Forward

Definition: A position in the 2–3–5 formation, where players operate just behind the centre forward, similar to modern attacking midfielders or second strikers.
Example:

• The inside forward position was a hallmark of early 20th-century football tactics.
• Historical players like Stanley Matthews thrived as inside forwards.

Intercept

Definition: To block or disrupt a pass, preventing it from reaching its intended recipient.
Example:

• Declan Rice’s intercept of a through ball helped Arsenal maintain their lead against Brighton in 2024.
• Miles Robinson’s crucial intercept in the MLS playoffs halted an Atlanta United counterattack.

International Break

Definition: A period designated by FIFA for international matches, during which domestic leagues pause to allow players to represent their national teams.
Example:

• The 2024 international break saw Lionel Messi lead Argentina to victory in the Copa América qualifiers.
• MLS adjusted its schedule to accommodate the October 2024 international break.

International Clearance

Definition: Official permission is required for a player to transfer between clubs across national or international borders.
Example:

• Lionel Messi’s move to Inter Miami in 2024 required international clearance from La Liga and MLS.
• A delay in international clearance postponed Jude Bellingham’s debut for Real Madrid in 2024.

Journeyman

Definition: A player who has played for many different clubs over their career, often moving between teams due to transfers or loans. Opposite of a one-club man.
Example:

• Zlatan Ibrahimović was considered a journeyman, having played for clubs like Barcelona, PSG, Manchester United, and AC Milan.
• In MLS, Kei Kamara is regarded as a journeyman, having represented multiple teams over his career.

Juggling

Definition: The skill of keeping the ball off the ground using any part of the body allowed by the Laws of the Game, such as feet, knees, chest, or head. Also known as keepie-uppie.
Example:

• Neymar showcased his juggling skills during a pre-match warm-up in the 2024 Copa América.
• Many young players practice juggling to improve ball control and touch.

Jumpers for Goalposts

Definition: A nostalgic term for informal street football where clothing items, such as jumpers, are laid down to mark out the goals.
Example:

• Many retired players reminisce about their days playing jumpers for goalposts in their local neighborhoods.
• The phrase is iconic in England, symbolizing the purity of grassroots football.

Keeper

Definition: Informal term for a goalkeeper, the player responsible for preventing the opposing team from scoring.
Example:

• Andre Blake, the Philadelphia Union keeper, was instrumental in their 2024 playoff run.
• Liverpool’s keeper, Alisson Becker, made a crucial save in the Champions League group stages.

Keepie-Uppie

Definition: The act of juggling the ball with feet, knees, chest, or head to keep it in the air.
Example:

• Lionel Messi entertained fans with an impromptu keepie-uppie session during a promotional event in Miami.
• Keepie-uppie challenges are popular among youth academies to improve ball control.

Kick and Rush

Definition: A style of play emphasizing long balls and rapid forward movements to quickly advance into attacking positions.
Example:

• England’s national team in the 1980s was often criticized for its kick-and-rush tactics.
• Some MLS teams adopt a kick-and-rush approach when trailing late in matches.

Kick-Off

Definition: The method used to start a match or restart it after a goal is scored, with the ball played from the center spot.
Example:

• Arsenal’s quick kick-off led to an early goal against Tottenham in the Premier League.
• LAFC scored immediately after kick-off during the 2024 MLS playoffs.

Kill the Game

Definition: A decisive goal scored late in the match that secures the outcome and reduces the chances of an equalizer.
Example:

• Jude Bellingham’s 88th-minute goal killed the game for Real Madrid against Sevilla.
• Inter Miami killed the game in the 90th minute to seal their MLS Cup victory.

Kit

Definition: The uniform worn by players, including a shirt, shorts, socks, and specialized footwear. Goalkeepers also wear gloves.
Example:

• Manchester City’s 2024/25 kit featured a sleek design with a nod to their treble-winning season.
• MLS teams often release new kits annually to boost merchandise sales.

Knock

Definition: A minor injury sustained during a match or training.
Example:

• Lionel Messi picked up a knock during the Leagues Cup final but was fit for the MLS playoffs.
• Manchester United’s Rashford was sidelined for a week due to a knock sustained in training.

Kop

Definition: A steep, terraced stand in a stadium, particularly associated with Liverpool FC’s home ground, Anfield.
Example:

• The Kop at Anfield erupted when Mohamed Salah scored the winning goal against Manchester City.
• Fans often refer to the Kop as the "12th man" due to its atmosphere.

Knuckleball

Definition: A striking technique that minimizes spin, causing erratic flight patterns, often used in long-range shots or free kicks.
Example:

• Cristiano Ronaldo’s iconic knuckleball free kicks have been replicated by many players worldwide.

Last Man

Definition: A situation where an attacking player faces only one defender before the goalkeeper. A foul by the last man often results in a red card.
Example:

• A last-man foul in El Clásico saw a Real Madrid player sent off, changing the game’s dynamics.
• In the MLS, a last-man tackle by Miles Robinson earned him a straight red card in the playoffs.

Last-Minute Goal

Definition: A goal scored in the final minutes of regulation, extra time, or stoppage time, often changing the outcome of the match.
Example:

• Lionel Messi’s last-minute goal secured Inter Miami’s win in the 2024 MLS Cup final.
• Arsenal’s last-minute equalizer against Manchester United kept their title hopes alive.

Lay-Off Pass

Definition: A short, delicate pass into space directly in front of a teammate arriving at speed.
Example:

• Kevin De Bruyne’s perfect lay-off pass set up Haaland’s goal against Newcastle in 2024.
• Messi provided a clever lay-off pass for Josef Martínez’s finish during the MLS semifinals.

Laws of the Game

Definition: The codified rules governing football, maintained by FIFA with approval from IFAB.
Example:

• Recent updates to the Laws of the Game introduced stricter guidelines for time-wasting.
• The Laws of the Game ensure uniformity across football competitions worldwide.

League

Definition: A competition where teams earn points over a series of matches, typically structured as a round-robin tournament.
Example:

• The 2024/25 Premier League featured intense competition among the top four teams.
• MLS’s league structure includes conferences and playoffs to crown the champion.

Limbs

Definition: Wild celebrations by fans following a goal.
Example:

• Limbs erupted at Anfield when Liverpool scored a stoppage-time winner against Chelsea.
• The Inter Miami supporters' section was full of limbs after Messi’s free kick in the playoffs.

Loan

Definition: When a player temporarily joins another club, often for experience or financial reasons.
Example:

• Chelsea sent multiple young players on loan to Championship clubs in 2024.
• MLS teams often use loans to bolster squads for short-term needs.

Long Ball

Definition: A tactic where the ball is played a long distance downfield, often to a target forward or fast striker.
Example:

• Newcastle’s long ball strategy helped them exploit Manchester City’s high line.
• St. Louis City SC used long balls effectively in their first MLS playoff run.

Lost the Dressing Room

Definition: A situation where a manager loses the respect or support of their players.
Example:

• Rumors circulated that Manchester United’s coach had lost the dressing room after a string of poor results.
• Inter Miami avoided turmoil by maintaining harmony between their coach and players during the 2024 season.

Magic Sponge

Definition: A sponge soaked in water, historically used for basic treatment of injured players during games, before the advent of qualified physiotherapists.
Example:

• The magic sponge was a staple of football sidelines during the 1980s.
• In grassroots football, coaches still sometimes rely on a magic sponge for minor injuries.

Manager

Definition: The individual responsible for overseeing a team's tactical, training, and match-day operations. Duties include selecting the starting eleven, making substitutions, and developing strategies. In some cases, separate roles exist for a head coach and a general manager.
Example:

• Pep Guardiola’s role as Manchester City manager has brought the club numerous trophies.
• Inter Miami’s manager made key tactical decisions to win the 2024 MLS Cup.

Man of the Match

Definition: An award given to the best-performing player in a game, often decided by pundits, fans, or sponsors.
Example:

• Lionel Messi was named Man of the Match in the 2024 MLS Cup final.
• Jude Bellingham frequently earns Man of the Match honors for Real Madrid.

Man On!

Definition: A warning shouted by players or fans to alert a teammate that an opponent is approaching from behind.
Example:

• "Man on!" was yelled repeatedly during Arsenal’s game against Liverpool to alert players under pressure.
• MLS defenders often rely on “man on” calls to avoid losing possession in dangerous areas.

Man-to-Man Marking

Definition: A defensive strategy where each player is responsible for marking an opponent rather than covering a specific area.
Example:

• Chelsea used man-to-man marking to neutralize Haaland in their Premier League match in 2024.
• MLS teams often mix man-to-man and zonal marking in set-piece situations.

Marking

Definition: A defensive tactic aimed at preventing an opponent from receiving the ball or creating opportunities.
Example:

• Walker Zimmerman excelled at marking opposing forwards during the 2024 MLS season.
• Zonal marking is often preferred for corners, while man-to-man marking is used for free kicks.

Match Fixing

Definition: The act of manipulating the outcome of a match, often for financial gain, violating the rules of the game.
Example:

• FIFA imposed lifetime bans on officials involved in a 2024 match-fixing scandal in Asia.
• Match fixing is a major concern in lower-tier leagues worldwide.

Medical

Definition: A mandatory examination to assess a player’s fitness and health before signing for a new club.
Example:

• Jude Bellingham passed his medical at Real Madrid before his transfer in 2024.
• A failed medical delayed a player’s move to LAFC during the MLS offseason.

Mexican Wave

Definition: A crowd activity where spectators stand, raise their hands, and sit in sequence to create a ripple effect.
Example:

• The Mexican wave was a highlight of fan activity during the 2024 Copa América.
• Fans performed a Mexican wave during a thrilling Champions League group stage match.

Mickey Mouse Cup

Definition: A dismissive term for a competition perceived as insignificant or of lower quality.
Example:

• Some critics referred to the EFL Trophy as a Mickey Mouse Cup, though it remains popular among smaller clubs.
• MLS supporters dismissed the preseason tournament as a Mickey Mouse Cup.

Midfielder

Definition: A player positioned between the defenders and forwards, responsible for linking play, winning possession, and creating opportunities.
Example:

• Kevin De Bruyne is considered one of the best midfielders in the world.
• Inter Miami’s midfield, anchored by Sergio Busquets, controlled the tempo of the 2024 MLS playoffs.

Multiball System

Definition: A system using multiple balls to reduce downtime when the ball goes out of play. Ball boys provide a new ball immediately to keep the game flowing.
Example:

• The multiball system was crucial in maintaining fast-paced action during the 2024/25 Premier League season.
• MLS adopted the multiball system to enhance match flow and reduce time-wasting.

Near Post/Back Post

Definition: Terms referring to the goalposts relative to the goalkeeper’s position. The near post is closest to the goalkeeper; the back post is farther away.
Example:

• Messi’s goal for Inter Miami sneaked in at the near post during the 2024 Leagues Cup final.
• A back post header sealed Manchester City’s victory against Arsenal in November 2024.

Neutral Ground

Definition: A venue that is not the team's home stadium in a match.
Example:

• The 2024 Champions League final was held at a neutral ground in Istanbul.
• MLS staged a playoff game at a neutral ground due to stadium renovations.

Normal Time

Definition: The regulation 90 minutes of a football match, excluding added or extra time.
Example:

• Real Madrid’s late goal in normal time forced extra time in the Champions League semifinals.
• Inter Miami’s winner came just before the end of normal time in the MLS Cup.

Nutmeg

Definition: A skill move where a player passes the ball between an opponent’s legs and retrieves it.
Example:

• Vinícius Júnior’s nutmeg on a defender was a highlight of Real Madrid’s match against Sevilla.
• A cheeky nutmeg by Facundo Torres drew applause in Orlando City’s MLS playoff game.

OFC

Definition: Initialism for the Oceania Football Confederation, the governing body for football in Oceania.
Example:

• New Zealand won the 2024 OFC Nations Cup to qualify for the World Cup playoffs.
• OFC’s tournaments are crucial for developing football in the Pacific Islands.

Offside

Definition: A rule preventing an attacking player from being closer to the goal than the second-last defender and the ball when it is played to them, unless in their own half.
Example:

• VAR overturned a contentious offside decision during Arsenal’s match against Manchester City.
• MLS referees frequently use semi-automated technology to review offside calls.

Offside Trap

Definition: A defensive tactic where defenders step forward simultaneously to catch attackers in an offside position.
Example:

• Chelsea’s offside trap caught Erling Haaland offside multiple times in their 2024 clash.
• Atlanta United’s successful offside trap frustrated opponents throughout the MLS playoffs.

Olympic Goal

Definition: A goal scored directly from a corner kick.
Example:

• An Olympic goal by Carlos Vela in the 2024 MLS season became a viral sensation.
• Real Madrid conceded an Olympic goal in a surprising defeat in La Liga.

One-Touch

Definition: A playing style where the ball is passed quickly with only one touch, often to maintain speed and fluidity.
Example:

• Barcelona’s tiki-taka system heavily relies on one-touch passing.
• Inter Miami’s midfield used one-touch play to dominate possession in the playoffs.

One-Club Man

Definition: A player who spends their entire professional career at a single club.
Example:

• Paolo Maldini epitomizes the one-club man, having played his entire career at AC Milan.
• MLS legend Diego Valeri is celebrated as a one-club man for his time at Portland Timbers.

One-on-One

Definition: A situation where an attacking player faces only the goalkeeper between them and the goal.
Example:

• Lionel Messi’s one-on-one goal secured Inter Miami’s Leagues Cup title in 2024.
• A brilliant save in a one-on-one situation preserved Liverpool’s clean sheet against Tottenham.

Own Goal

Definition: When a player accidentally scores a goal against their own team.
Example:

• An own goal by a Chelsea defender gifted Arsenal a win in the Premier League.
• A freak own goal ended St. Louis City SC’s MLS playoff run in 2024.

Panenka

Definition: A penalty kick technique where the taker delicately chips the ball over the diving goalkeeper rather than striking it firmly. Named after Antonín Panenka, who used it in the 1976 UEFA European Championship final.
Example:

• Lionel Messi executed a Panenka in Inter Miami's 2024 Leagues Cup final, stunning the goalkeeper.
• Jorginho’s Panenka penalty helped Chelsea secure a crucial win in the 2024/25 Premier League season.

Parachute Payment

Definition: Financial support provided by the Premier League to relegated clubs over four years to help them adjust financially after losing top-tier status.
Example:

• Everton received a parachute payment after their relegation from the Premier League in 2024.
• Parachute payments aim to reduce the financial disparity between the Premier League and lower leagues.

Paralympic Football

Definition: Adapted versions of football for athletes with disabilities, including Football 5-a-side for visually impaired players and Football 7-a-side for players with cerebral palsy.
Example:

• The 2024 Paralympics featured thrilling Football 5-a-side matches with Brazil winning gold.
• Paralympic football emphasizes inclusivity and skill in competitive formats.

Parking the Bus

Definition: A highly defensive strategy where a team positions all players behind the ball to protect a narrow lead or secure a draw. Coined by José Mourinho.
Example:

• Newcastle parked the bus in their 1–0 win against Manchester City in October 2024.
• LA Galaxy adopted a parking-the-bus tactic to hold off LAFC in the 2024 MLS playoffs.

Passive Offside

Definition: An exception to the offside rule where a player in an offside position does not interfere with play or gain an advantage.
Example:

• The referee deemed the player passive offside during Arsenal’s attack in their November 2024 match.
• MLS referees rely on VAR to clarify passive offside situations.

Penalty Area

Definition: The rectangular area in front of each goal, measuring 44 yards by 18 yards (40.2m by 16.5m), where the goalkeeper can handle the ball and penalties are awarded for fouls.
Example:

• A foul in the penalty area resulted in a spot-kick for Real Madrid during their El Clásico clash.
• Inter Miami dominated the penalty area, with Messi and Martínez combining brilliantly.

Penalty Kick

Definition: A kick awarded after a foul inside the penalty area, taken from a spot 12 yards (11m) from the goal.
Example:

• Lionel Messi converted a decisive penalty kick for Inter Miami in the MLS Cup final.
• A controversial penalty kick decision went against Chelsea in their match with Liverpool.

Penalty Shootout

Definition: A tiebreaker in knockout matches where teams alternate penalty kicks until a winner is decided, with sudden death if the scores are level after five attempts each.
Example:

• The 2024 MLS Cup was decided by a penalty shootout, with Inter Miami emerging victorious.
• Real Madrid defeated Bayern Munich in a dramatic Champions League penalty shootout.

Perfect Hat-Trick

Definition: When a player scores three goals in a single match, with one each from their left foot, right foot, and head.
Example:

• Erling Haaland’s perfect hat-trick secured Manchester City’s win against Newcastle in 2024.
• Facundo Torres achieved a perfect hat-trick in Orlando City’s MLS playoff victory.

Phoenix Club

Definition: A club formed after the dissolution of an earlier club, often adopting the same fan base, colors, and traditions.
Example:

• AFC Wimbledon is a famous Phoenix club formed after the original Wimbledon FC relocated.
• Fans in MLS considered forming a Phoenix club after financial issues plagued a franchise.

Pitch

Definition: The playing surface for football, traditionally a grass field. Known in the Laws of the Game as the field of play.
Example:

• The pitch at Camp Nou was relaid ahead of El Clásico in 2024.
• Inter Miami’s artificial pitch drew criticism for its impact on player injuries.

Pitch Invasion

Definition: When spectators rush onto the pitch, often to celebrate, protest, or confront opponents. Known as "rushing the field" in the U.S.
Example:

• A pitch invasion occurred after Wrexham secured promotion to the Championship in 2024.
• Security measures prevented a pitch invasion during the MLS final.

Play-Acting

Definition: Deceptive behavior by a player to feign injury or exaggerate contact to gain an advantage or provoke a card for an opponent.
Example:

• Neymar faced criticism for play-acting during Brazil’s match in the Copa América.
• MLS referees use VAR to identify incidents of play-acting and penalize offenders.

Playoff

Definition: A series of matches used to determine promotion, relegation, league champions, or continental tournament qualifications.
Example:

• St. Louis City SC reached the MLS playoffs in their debut season.
• The Championship playoff final is often called "the richest game in football."

Playmaker

Definition: An attacking player who dictates the team’s offensive play, creating opportunities for teammates.
Example:

• Kevin De Bruyne’s playmaking ability was pivotal in Manchester City’s treble-winning season.
• Messi continued his role as a playmaker, providing key assists in Inter Miami’s MLS campaign.

Points Deduction

Definition: A penalty where points are removed from a team’s league total for rule violations such as financial mismanagement or fielding ineligible players.
Example:

• Juventus faced a points deduction in 2024 due to financial irregularities.
• An MLS club narrowly avoided a points deduction for breaching roster rules.

Pre-Season

Definition: The period before the league season begins, involving training, friendly matches, and player transfers.
Example:

• Inter Miami held a pre-season tour in Europe ahead of the 2024 MLS season.
• Arsenal signed key players during the pre-season transfer window.

Pressing

Definition: A defensive tactic where players pressure opponents to win the ball back quickly or force mistakes.
Example:

• Barcelona’s high pressing overwhelmed Sevilla in their La Liga clash.
• MLS teams increasingly adopt pressing tactics to disrupt opposing build-ups.

Promotion

Definition: When a team moves up to a higher division after performing well in their current league.
Example:

• Burnley achieved promotion to the Premier League for the 2024/25 season.
• St. Louis City SC’s promotion hopes relied on a strong playoff performance.

Project Mbappé

Definition: A term describing parents’ ambition to turn their child into a football star through intense training, inspired by French player Kylian Mbappé.
Example:

• Social media is filled with "Project Mbappé" memes about overzealous soccer parents.
• Youth academies caution parents against excessive pressure tied to Project Mbappé.

Rabona

Definition: A technique where the kicking leg is wrapped around the back of the standing leg to strike the ball, often used for crossing, passing, or shooting.
Example:

• Ángel Di María performed a Rabona assist for PSG in a Champions League match in 2024.
• A Rabona goal by Lionel Messi in Inter Miami’s MLS game became a viral highlight.

Recovery

Definition: In defense, the process of transitioning from pressing or an attacking posture back into a structured defensive block.
Example:

• Manchester City’s recovery after losing possession helped them maintain defensive solidity in their Champions League match.
• Quick recovery by LAFC’s midfielders prevented a counter-attack during the MLS playoffs.

Red Card

Definition: Issued for serious foul play or following two yellow cards, resulting in the player being sent off for the remainder of the match, with no replacement allowed.
Example:

• A straight red card was given to a Chelsea defender for a dangerous tackle in their match against Arsenal.
• Inter Miami played with 10 men after a red card in the first half of the MLS Cup final.

Reducer

Definition: A hard tackle, often early in a game, intended to intimidate an attacking player.
Example:

• Newcastle’s defender put in a reducer on Erling Haaland early in their Premier League clash.
• A reducer on Messi in the MLS final led to a heated exchange between players.

Referee

Definition: The official responsible for enforcing the Laws of the Game during a match, supported by assistant referees and the fourth official.
Example:

• The referee consulted VAR to review a penalty decision during Real Madrid’s La Liga match.
• MLS referees have faced scrutiny for controversial decisions in the 2024 season.

Relegation

Definition: The process by which a team is demoted to a lower division after finishing among the lowest-ranked teams in a league.
Example:

• Everton faced relegation from the Premier League at the end of the 2024/25 season.
• St. Louis City SC avoided relegation by winning crucial matches late in the MLS season.

Reserve Team

Definition: A supplementary team composed of younger players, trialists, and senior players returning from injury, often used for player development.
Example:

• Barcelona’s reserve team, Barça Atlètic, competes in Spain’s lower divisions.
• MLS clubs like LA Galaxy operate reserve teams to nurture upcoming talent.

Retired Number

Definition: A jersey number no longer assigned to players in honor of a past player’s contribution or as a memorial.
Example:

• AC Milan retired Paolo Maldini’s number 3 jersey.
• The New York Red Bulls retired Thierry Henry’s number 14 after his MLS career.

Round-Robin Tournament

Definition: A competition format where each team plays every other team once or twice.
Example:

• The Champions League group stages are structured as a round-robin tournament.
• The Leagues Cup in MLS adopted a round-robin format for its initial stage.

Rounding the 'Keeper

Definition: A move where an attacker dribbles around the goalkeeper to create an open goal-scoring opportunity.
Example:

• Erling Haaland scored by rounding the ‘keeper in Manchester City’s game against Tottenham.
• Lionel Messi rounded the goalkeeper to score a dramatic winner in the 2024 MLS playoffs.

Route One

Definition: A direct style of play involving long passes or clearances aimed toward the opponent’s goal.
Example:

• Newcastle’s route one strategy caught Liverpool off guard in their 2024 Premier League match.
• Route one football was key to St. Louis City SC’s counter-attacking success in MLS.

Roy of the Rovers Stuff

Definition: A dramatic or unexpected victory achieved against the odds, often in spectacular fashion.
Example:

• Wrexham’s comeback to win in stoppage time was pure Roy of the Rovers stuff.
• Inter Miami’s last-minute goal in the MLS Cup was hailed as Roy of the Rovers stuff by commentators.

Row Z

Definition: A hypothetical destination for a clearance or mis-hit shot, implying it went far into the stands.
Example:

• A Chelsea defender’s clearance went straight into Row Z, relieving pressure on their goal.
• An MLS striker’s wild shot into Row Z drew laughter from the crowd.

Save

Definition: When a goalkeeper prevents the ball from crossing the goal line between the posts.
Example:

• Thibaut Courtois made an incredible save to deny Barcelona a goal in El Clásico.
• Andre Blake’s save in the MLS playoffs helped secure Philadelphia Union’s win.

Scissor Kick

Definition: See Bicycle Kick.

Scorpion Kick

Definition: An acrobatic kick where the player flicks the ball over their head with their heels, famously performed by René Higuita in 1995.
Example:

• A scorpion kick goal by Zlatan Ibrahimović in the Premier League became an instant classic.
• Higuita’s scorpion kick save against England is iconic in football history.

Scratch

Definition: A term from the 19th century indicating a team’s withdrawal from a competition, resulting in a walkover for the opponents.
Example:

• The team scratched from the FA Cup due to insufficient players.
• Scratch is now a rare occurrence in professional football.

Screamer

Definition: A fiercely struck long-range shot resulting in a spectacular goal.
Example:

• Kevin De Bruyne scored a screamer from 30 yards against Tottenham.
• MLS fans celebrated a screamer by Hany Mukhtar in the playoffs.

Scrimmage

Definition: A 19th-century term for a chaotic goalmouth scramble, often used when the scorer was unclear.
Example:

• Early FA Cup matches often credited goals to scrimmages due to lack of clarity.
• The term scrimmage is rarely used in modern football.

Seal Dribble

Definition: A dribble where the player balances the ball on their head, resembling a performing seal.
Example:

• Ronaldinho’s seal dribble amazed fans during a La Liga match.
• Seal dribbles are rare due to their difficulty and defenders' responses.

Season

Definition: The primary competition period in a country, usually spanning months, with variations worldwide.
Example:

• The Premier League season runs from August to May.
• MLS operates within the calendar year, with playoffs concluding the season.

Second Season Syndrome

Definition: A phrase describing a club’s poor performance two seasons after being promoted to a higher division.
Example:

• Sheffield United experienced second season syndrome in the Premier League.
• St. Louis City SC aims to avoid second season syndrome in the MLS.

Sending Off

Definition: See Red Card.

Separation

Definition: Space created by an attacking player to gain an advantage during a run.
Example:

• Bukayo Saka’s separation from his marker led to Arsenal’s opening goal.
• Separation is crucial for forwards like Lionel Messi in the attacking third.

Set Piece

Definition: A planned dead-ball routine, such as a corner or free kick.
Example:

• Manchester City’s set piece led to a header by Erling Haaland.
• MLS teams often practice set pieces to maximize scoring opportunities.

Shielding

Definition: A defensive technique where a player positions their body between the ball and an opponent.
Example:

• Sergio Busquets excels at shielding the ball under pressure.
• Proper shielding can prevent turnovers in dangerous areas.

Shin Pads/Shin Guards

Definition: Protective equipment worn under socks to safeguard shins.
Example:

• Referees check players’ shin pads before kickoff in Premier League matches.
• Modern shin guards are lightweight and customizable for comfort.

Shoot

Definition: A specialized kick aimed at scoring a goal.
Example:

• Mohamed Salah’s precise shoot resulted in a goal against Chelsea.
• Players often practice shooting drills to improve accuracy.

Shutout

Definition: See Clean Sheet.

Side Netting

Definition: The outer part of the goal’s net, stretching from the posts to the stanchion.
Example:

• A shot hitting the side netting can deceive fans into thinking it’s a goal.
• Side netting was key in Lionel Messi’s free kick goal for Inter Miami.

Silver Goal

Definition: A rule briefly used where extra time ends if one team leads after the first 15 minutes.
Example:

• The silver goal was controversial in UEFA tournaments from 2002 to 2004.
• Fans often compared the silver goal unfavorably to the golden goal rule.

Silverware

Definition: Slang for trophies won in competitions.
Example:

• Manchester City’s silverware haul in 2024 included the Premier League and Champions League.
• Winning silverware is the ultimate goal for any football team.

Sitter

Definition: A clear goal-scoring chance missed by a player, often with an open goal.
Example:

• Darwin Núñez’s missed sitter became a talking point in Liverpool’s match.
• Sitters can shift momentum in tight matches.

Six-a-Side Football

Definition: A football variant played indoors with walls instead of touchlines, eliminating throw-ins and corner kicks.
Example:

• Six-a-side football is popular for winter training sessions.
• Indoor leagues often feature six-a-side matches for amateurs.

Six-Pointer

Definition: A match where the outcome has significant implications for both teams, especially in title, promotion, or relegation battles.
Example:

• Arsenal’s win over Manchester City was described as a six-pointer in the title race.
• Six-pointers are common late in MLS regular seasons.

Slide Tackle

Definition: A defensive move where a player slides along the ground to dispossess an opponent.
Example:

• Virgil van Dijk’s perfectly timed slide tackle stopped a Chelsea counter-attack.
• Slide tackles require precision to avoid fouls or cards.

Soccer

Definition: An alternative name for association football, primarily used in the U.S. and countries with competing "football" sports.
Example:

• Soccer is growing rapidly in popularity across the United States.
• Fans worldwide debated the term soccer vs. football.

Soft

Definition: A term indicating a questionable decision by the referee or a weak performance by a player.
Example:

• The penalty decision against Real Madrid was described as soft by pundits.
• Critics called the team’s defensive display soft in their loss.

Squad Numbers

Definition: Numbers on players’ shirts to identify them during a match, historically tied to positions but now often personalized.
Example:

• Lionel Messi’s iconic squad number 10 is globally recognized.
• MLS introduced personalized squad numbers in the late 1990s.

Squad Rotation System

Definition: A managerial strategy involving frequent changes to the starting lineup to rest players and maximize performance.
Example:

• Pep Guardiola’s squad rotation kept Manchester City players fresh during a busy schedule.
• MLS teams use squad rotation during congested fixture lists.

Square Ball

Definition: A lateral pass made between teammates across the field.
Example:

• Kevin De Bruyne’s square ball set up a key goal for Manchester City.
• Square balls are effective for maintaining possession under pressure.

Squeaky-Bum Time

Definition: A tense period late in a league season, particularly for teams vying for titles, promotion, or survival.
Example:

• Arsenal entered squeaky-bum time as they closed in on the Premier League title.
• MLS playoff races are often filled with squeaky-bum time drama.

Stanchion

Definition: A part of the goal structure holding the net away from the crossbar.
Example:

• The ball hitting the stanchion in Haaland’s goal caused confusion in the stadium.
• Stanchions are crucial for keeping the goal net secure.

Step Over

Definition: A skill move where the attacker feints by moving their foot over the ball to mislead a defender.
Example:

• Cristiano Ronaldo’s step overs were a signature part of his game at Manchester United.
• MLS players often practice step overs to improve one-on-one dribbling.

Stoppage-Time

Definition: Additional minutes added to the end of each half to account for time lost due to stoppages.
Example:

• Lionel Messi scored a free kick during stoppage time in Inter Miami’s playoff match.
• Stoppage-time goals often lead to dramatic endings in matches.

Straight Red

Definition: A direct red card given for a serious offense, leading to an immediate sending off.
Example:

• A straight red was issued to a defender for denying a clear goal-scoring opportunity.
• Straight red cards often leave teams at a severe disadvantage.

Street Football

Definition: Informal football games played without standard rules or equipment, often in urban settings.
Example:

• Many professional players credit street football for developing their skills.
• Street football is popular in neighborhoods worldwide.

Striker

Definition: A forward whose primary role is to score goals.
Example:

• Erling Haaland is one of the most prolific strikers in modern football.
• MLS strikers like Josef Martínez are known for their goal-scoring prowess.

Studs

Definition: Small protrusions on the soles of football boots designed for traction.
Example:

• A studs-up challenge resulted in a red card for the defender.
• Referees inspect players’ studs to ensure safety before matches.

Stunner

Definition: See Screamer.

Substitute

Definition: A player brought onto the pitch during a match in place of another player.
Example:

• Lionel Messi came on as a substitute and scored the winning goal.
• Teams often use substitutes tactically to change the game’s momentum.

Sudden Death

Definition: A penalty shootout feature where teams take one kick each until one scores and the other misses.
Example:

• Sudden death decided the Champions League final after a dramatic penalty shootout.
• MLS playoffs have seen several games end in sudden death.

Super Hat-Trick

Definition: When a player scores four goals in a single match.
Example:

• Robert Lewandowski’s super hat-trick in the Champions League showcased his brilliance.
• Few MLS players have achieved a super hat-trick in a single game.

Supporter

Definition: See Fan.

Sunday League Football

Definition: Amateur football leagues, often perceived as low quality, played on Sundays.
Example:

• Many retired professionals enjoy playing in Sunday league football for fun.
• The term is sometimes used to criticize poor-quality performances in professional matches.

Survive

Definition: When a team avoids relegation by securing enough points.
Example:

• Everton managed to survive on the final day of the Premier League season.
• St. Louis City SC’s late-season run ensured they survived their debut MLS season.

Suspension

Definition: A penalty preventing a player from participating in one or more matches due to disciplinary actions.
Example:

• A yellow card accumulation led to a suspension for Manchester United’s key player.
• Suspensions are common for players receiving straight red cards.

Sweeper

Definition: A defender positioned behind the main defensive line, tasked with intercepting through balls and providing additional defensive coverage. Also called a libero.
Example:

• Franz Beckenbauer was famous for his role as a sweeper for Germany.
• Modern formations rarely include a traditional sweeper, but the role persists in some tactical setups.

Tackle

Definition: A method of winning the ball from an opponent, either by using a leg to dispossess them or executing a slide tackle to knock the ball away. Dangerous tackles or those that contact the opponent before the ball result in free kicks or penalties and may lead to yellow or red cards.
Example:

• Virgil van Dijk’s perfectly timed tackle prevented a goal against Arsenal in the Premier League.
• A reckless tackle by an MLS defender resulted in a penalty for the opposing team.

Take a Touch

Definition: To control the ball with a legal body part before passing or shooting.
Example:

• Lionel Messi took a touch before curling the ball into the top corner for Inter Miami.
• Players are often coached to take a touch to settle the ball in tight spaces.

Takes a Touch

Definition: When the ball unintentionally deflects off a player, altering its intended trajectory.
Example:

• A defender’s misstep saw the ball take a touch off their shin, resulting in an own goal.
• The ball took a touch off the striker and fell perfectly for a teammate to score.

Tactical Periodization

Definition: A football training methodology developed by Vítor Frade, focusing on integrating physical, technical, and tactical elements into training sessions.
Example:

• Pep Guardiola’s teams are known for using tactical periodization to dominate possession.
• MLS coaching staff have begun adopting tactical periodization for team preparation.

Target Man

Definition: A type of striker, usually tall and physically strong, known for winning aerial duels, holding up the ball, and laying off passes to teammates.
Example:

• Olivier Giroud’s effectiveness as a target man helped AC Milan in Serie A.
• Zlatan Ibrahimović’s role as a target man elevated LA Galaxy’s attack in the MLS.

Taylor Report

Definition: A document by Lord Taylor following the Hillsborough disaster in 1989 recommending English and Scottish top-division stadiums transition to all-seater venues for safety.
Example:

• The Taylor Report reshaped English football, leading to modern, safer stadiums.
• Post-Taylor Report, clubs like Manchester United rebuilt their stadiums to comply with regulations.

Technical Area

Definition: The marked area on the sidelines where a manager must remain while coaching during a match.
Example:

• During a Premier League match, Mikel Arteta was warned for stepping outside the technical area.
• MLS managers are often seen animatedly directing players from the technical area.

Telstar

Definition: The iconic match ball designed by Adidas for the 1970 FIFA World Cup, featuring a black-and-white truncated icosahedron pattern for visibility on black-and-white TVs.
Example:

• The Telstar design remains a symbol of classic football aesthetics.
• Modern match balls have evolved significantly from the Telstar but retain its legacy.

Terrace

Definition: A standing area in stadiums, often occupied by ultras, consisting of concrete steps. Phased out in some countries over safety concerns.
Example:

• Borussia Dortmund’s Yellow Wall is one of the most famous terraces in world football.
• The Premier League eliminated terraces following the Taylor Report.

Testimonial Match

Definition: A friendly match organized to honor a player for long service, typically 10 years at a single club.
Example:

• Steven Gerrard’s testimonial match drew a full house at Anfield.
• MLS stars often return to their former clubs for testimonial matches.

Third Man Running

Definition: An attacking move where a player not directly involved in the initial pass or intended reception runs to create an alternative option.
Example:

• Kevin De Bruyne’s third-man run opened space for Manchester City’s goal.
• MLS teams utilize third-man running in counter-attacking scenarios.

Three Points for a Win

Definition: A point system awarding three points for a win, one for a draw, and none for a loss, encouraging teams to play for victory.
Example:

• The three-points-for-a-win system has made the Premier League more competitive.
• MLS teams often gamble late in matches to secure three points.

Through-Ball

Definition: A pass penetrating the defense and allowing a teammate to run onto it, typically timed to avoid an offside call.
Example:

• Lionel Messi’s through-ball split the defense for Josef Martínez to score.
• Premier League midfielders like Bruno Fernandes excel at delivering precise through-balls.

Throw-In

Definition: A method of restarting play where a player throws the ball from behind the touchline after it has gone out.
Example:

• A long throw-in by Liverpool led to a goal in their Premier League match.
• MLS teams train specific players for long throw-ins near the penalty area.

Tie

Definition: See Cup Tie.

Tifo

Definition: A choreographed display by fans in a stadium, typically organized by ultras to support their team.
Example:

• Barcelona’s fans unveiled an enormous tifo before El Clásico.
• The LAFC supporters’ tifo became a highlight of the MLS Cup final.

Tiki-Taka

Definition: A style of play characterized by short, quick passes, movement, and maintaining possession, associated with Barcelona and the Spain national team.
Example:

• Pep Guardiola’s tiki-taka philosophy revolutionized modern football.
• MLS teams are adapting elements of tiki-taka to enhance their attacking play.

Toe Punt

Definition: A method of kicking the ball with the tip of the foot, also known as a toe poke.
Example:

• Ronaldinho scored a memorable goal with a toe punt in La Liga.
• Toe punts are often used in futsal and improvised situations in football.

Too Good to Go Down

Definition: The belief, often misguided, that a team’s talent will prevent relegation.
Example:

• Everton were considered too good to go down but faced a tough relegation battle.
• MLS pundits debated whether Toronto FC was too good to go down after a poor start.

Top Corner

Definition: The parts of the goal immediately below the crossbar and adjacent to the posts are often the most challenging areas for goalkeepers to reach.
Example:

• Erling Haaland’s shot into the top corner secured Manchester City’s victory.
• Messi’s free-kick into the top corner was the highlight of Inter Miami’s match.

Top Flight

Definition: The highest division within a league system.
Example:

• The Premier League is the top flight of English football.
• LA Galaxy has consistently been a contender in MLS’s top flight.

Total Football

Definition: A tactical system where players can interchange positions fluidly, popularized by Rinus Michels with Ajax and the Netherlands in the 1970s.
Example:

• Johan Cruyff’s mastery of Total Football inspired generations of players.
• Modern teams like Manchester City incorporate elements of Total Football.

Touchline

Definition: The boundary markings along the length of the pitch; throw-ins are taken from behind this line.
Example:

• The ball rolled out over the touchline, resulting in a throw-in for Arsenal.
• MLS referees are vigilant about players taking throw-ins from the correct spot on the touchline.

Tracksuit Manager

Definition: A manager heavily involved in on-field training and player development, often seen in training gear.
Example:

• Jürgen Klopp is considered a tracksuit manager for his hands-on coaching style.
• Many MLS managers adopt a tracksuit manager approach to connect with players.

Transfer Window

Definition: A designated period during the year when clubs can buy, sell, or loan players.
Example:

• Manchester United’s January transfer window signing boosted their title hopes.
• MLS clubs often make critical moves during the summer transfer window.

Trap

Definition: A skill used to control an airborne or falling ball using the foot, chest, or thigh.
Example:

• Neymar’s perfect chest trap led to a spectacular goal in Ligue 1.
• Players practice ball traps during MLS training drills to improve control.

Travelling Army

Definition: A term for away fans who travel to support their team, often referred to as the "12th man."
Example:

• Liverpool’s travelling army filled the stands during their Champions League fixture.
• MLS teams like Atlanta United benefit from their passionate travelling army of fans.

Treble

Definition: When a club wins three major trophies in one season, typically including the domestic league, domestic cup, and continental cup.
Example:

• Manchester City completed a treble in 2024 with wins in the Premier League, FA Cup, and Champions League.
• Few MLS teams have achieved a domestic treble in their history.

Trialist

Definition: A player representing a club on a trial basis, hoping to secure a contract.
Example:

• A young trialist impressed during pre-season matches for Real Madrid.
• MLS teams often bring in trialists during off-season training camps.

Two-Footed Tackle

Definition: A challenge where a player uses both feet to tackle, often resulting in a foul if deemed dangerous.
Example:

• A two-footed tackle by the defender led to a straight red card in the La Liga match.
• MLS referees are strict on two-footed tackles to ensure player safety.

UEFA

Definition: Acronym for Union of European Football Associations, the governing body of football in Europe; pronounced "you-eh-fa".
Example:

• UEFA organizes major tournaments like the Champions League and the Europa League.
• UEFA’s regulations on financial fair play have impacted several European clubs.

Underdog

Definition: A team that is not expected to win a particular game or competition.
Example:

• Morocco, as an underdog, reached the semi-finals of the 2022 FIFA World Cup.
• Inter Miami was considered the underdog against LAFC in the MLS final.

Under the Cosh

Definition: A term used when a team’s defense experiences unrelenting attacking pressure from the opposition.
Example:

• Arsenal were under the cosh for the last 20 minutes against Manchester City.
• The LA Galaxy defense was under the cosh throughout the second half of their playoff match.

Ultras

Definition: A group of passionate football supporters, mostly in Europe, known for elaborate displays, flares, and tifo choreography.
Example:

• Borussia Dortmund’s ultras created a stunning tifo before their Champions League clash.
• MLS teams like Atlanta United are gaining a reputation for their ultras-style fan culture.

Upset

Definition: A game where the underdog defeats a higher-ranked team.
Example:

• Wrexham caused a massive upset by defeating a Premier League side in the FA Cup.
• San Jose Earthquakes upset Seattle Sounders in the MLS playoffs.

Utility Player

Definition: A versatile player capable of playing effectively in multiple positions.
Example:

• James Milner is a renowned utility player in the Premier League.
• MLS teams value utility players for their ability to cover various roles during the season.

Vanishing Spray

Definition: A short-lasting aerosol paint used by referees to mark the 10-yard exclusion area during free kicks.
Example:

• Referees in the Premier League consistently use vanishing spray to ensure proper free-kick distances.
• Vanishing spray was introduced in MLS following its success in the World Cup.

Video Assistant Referee (VAR)

Definition: A technology system that uses video replays to assist referees in making accurate decisions for key incidents.
Example:

• VAR was used to review a controversial goal during the Champions League final.
• MLS adopted VAR to ensure fairness in crucial matches.

Volley

Definition: A shot or pass made by striking the ball before it touches the ground.
Example:

• Zlatan Ibrahimović scored an iconic volley in the MLS against Toronto FC.
• Cristiano Ronaldo’s volley against Juventus is considered one of his best goals.

Vuvuzela

Definition: A plastic horn popularized during the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa, known for its loud buzzing sound.
Example:

• The sound of vuvuzelas became synonymous with the 2010 World Cup atmosphere.
• MLS fans occasionally bring vuvuzelas to create a unique stadium vibe.

Wall

Definition: A row of defensive players standing 10 yards from the ball to block an opposing free kick.
Example:

• The wall deflected a free kick by Lionel Messi during the MLS playoffs.
• Premier League referees ensure walls maintain the correct distance using vanishing spray.

Want-Away

Definition: A player who publicly expresses their desire to leave their current club.
Example:

• Kylian Mbappé was labeled a want-away player during transfer speculation with Real Madrid.
• An MLS striker became a want-away after limited playing time.

War Chest

Definition: The budget allocated to a manager for signing new players.
Example:

• Chelsea provided a massive war chest to their manager for summer transfers.
• MLS clubs often operate with smaller war chests due to salary cap rules.

Webster Ruling

Definition: A 2006 ruling allowing players to terminate their contracts unilaterally after a fixed period, regardless of the contract's duration.
Example:

• The Webster Ruling has been used by players seeking moves to other leagues.
• MLS has specific clauses preventing Webster Ruling applications under its unique structure.

Wing

Definition: The wide area of the pitch running parallel to the sidelines.
Example:

• Wingers often exploit the space on the wing to deliver crosses.
• MLS teams emphasize wing play in their offensive strategies.

Winger

Definition: A player positioned wide on the field, focused on providing crosses and creating scoring opportunities.
Example:

• Gareth Bale was known for his pace and skill as a winger at Real Madrid.
• MLS teams like Atlanta United rely heavily on their wingers for attacking plays.

Winter Break

Definition: A mid-season pause in competitive football, typically between December and January.
Example:

• The Bundesliga’s winter break allows players to recover during the coldest months.
• MLS operates on a different calendar and does not have a winter break.

Withdrawn

Definition: A player who either plays deeper than their traditional attacking role or is substituted off during a match.
Example:

• Harry Kane played in a withdrawn role to support Tottenham’s midfield.
• An injured midfielder was withdrawn in the first half of the MLS Cup final.

Woodwork

Definition: The goalposts and crossbar; used in phrases like "the ball hit the woodwork."
Example:

• The shot ricocheted off the woodwork, denying Manchester United a late equalizer.
• A thunderous effort by an MLS midfielder hit the woodwork and bounced out.

Worldy

Definition: A term used to describe an exceptional goal or performance.
Example:

• A worldy from Kevin De Bruyne sealed Manchester City’s win in the Champions League.
• An MLS striker’s worldy goal became an instant social media sensation.

Work Rate

Definition: The effort a player puts into running and chasing without possession.
Example:

• N’Golo Kanté’s high work rate is vital to Chelsea’s midfield dominance.
• MLS scouts often prioritize players with a strong work rate for their teams.

World Cup

Definition: Refers to the FIFA World Cup, FIFA Women’s World Cup, and other international or club-level world tournaments.
Example:

• Argentina’s victory in the 2022 FIFA World Cup solidified Messi’s legacy.
• MLS players frequently represent their countries in the FIFA World Cup.

X-Rated Challenge

Definition: A malicious tackle, often perceived as intentionally harmful.
Example:

• A defender’s X-rated challenge resulted in a straight red card in La Liga.
• MLS referees have clamped down on X-rated challenges to prioritize player safety.

Yellow Card

Definition: A caution shown by the referee for committing certain offenses. Two yellow cards result in a red card and dismissal.
Example:

• The referee showed a yellow card to a Manchester City midfielder for time-wasting.
• A rash tackle in the MLS final earned a player a yellow card in the first half.

Youth

Definition: Players under 18 or part of a club’s youth system.
Example:

• Barcelona’s youth academy, La Masia, produced stars like Lionel Messi and Xavi.
• MLS teams heavily invest in youth academies to develop future stars.

Youth Academy

Definition: See Academy.

Yo-Yo Club

Definition: A team frequently promoted and relegated between divisions.
Example:

• Norwich City is often considered the quintessential yo-yo club in English football.
• MLS lacks the concept of yo-yo clubs due to its league structure.

Zonal Marking

Definition: A defensive system where each player covers a specific area rather than marking an individual opponent.
Example:

• Liverpool’s zonal marking system proved effective in defending set pieces.
• MLS teams often debate the effectiveness of zonal marking versus man-to-man marking.

Zona Mista

Definition: An Italian tactical system combining catenaccio, zonal defense, and Total Football principles.
Example:

• Juventus popularized zona mista in the 1970s, blending defensive solidity with attacking creativity.
• MLS coaches study European tactics like zona mista to enhance their strategies.